NATURE

Nature, Published online: 31 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01516-2 Ten years after their profession got its name, research software engineers seek to swell their ranks.

Fujifilm X-H2S Fujifilm today announced a new flagship in its APS-C sensor X Series mirrorless lineup, along with two new lenses including a super-telephoto that will be of particular interest for wildlife photographers. The Fujifilm X-H2S is the company’s most advanced X Series camera yet, with impressive burst shooting capabilities. Paired with the new FUJINON XF150-600mmF5.6-8 R LM OIS WR, the camera offers a compelling system for telephoto wildlife and sports photography. Top view of the Fujifilm X-H2S The Fujifilm X-H2S features a new 26.2-megapixels X-Trans CMOS 5 HS imaging sensor that’s a stacked design with back-side illumination that Fujifilm states delivers up to 4x faster signal reading. The camera also introduces a new X-Processor 5 that doubles the processing power compared to the previous generation processor. Back view of the Fujifilm X-H2S The new sensor and processor combination allows subject-detection AF and improved image quality throughout the ISO range...

Nature, Published online: 31 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01487-4 Animal experiments reveal the molecular effects of caffeine on neurons and other brain cells.

Nature, Published online: 31 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01510-8 A physician calls on the medical system to contextualize and personalize the treatment of pain.

Nature, Published online: 31 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01512-6 A wave of departures, many of them by mid-career scientists, calls attention to widespread discontent in universities.

Nature, Published online: 31 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01474-9 Simulations show that rising global temperatures and changes in land use will drive new encounters between mammalian species. This could lead to an increase in virus- sharing events that might threaten both wildlife and humans.

Nature, Published online: 30 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01486-5 Ponds built by beavers in one of central Europe’s largest forests are biodiversity hotspots.

Nature, Published online: 27 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01515-3 Leading US science publications call for a change to gun laws in the United States. Plus: Lessons on COVID from Japan, and the wasteful lifecycle of commercial metal.

Photo By Gary Fua Today’s Photo Of The Day is “Epilogue” by Gary Fua. Want to get your images in the running for a Photo of the Day feature? Photo of the Day is chosen from various galleries, including Assignments ,  Galleries  and  Contests . Assignments have weekly winners that are featured on the website homepage, Facebook , Twitter  and Instagram . To get your photos in the running, all you have to do is submit them. The post Photo Of The Day By Gary Fua appeared first on Outdoor Photographer .

Nature, Published online: 27 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01469-6 Drug-carrying gels that are easy to swallow could make treatment easier for children — and parents.

Nature, Published online: 30 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01513-5 A non-profit organization merges engineering and biology to accelerate drug development for childhood cancers.

Nature, Published online: 30 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01423-6 New framework aims to improve inclusion and ethics in global research collaborations amid wider efforts to end exploitative practices.

I love to photograph at dawn and dusk. I also love the light when the sun hovers near the horizon. If there are clouds in the sky, the color can be dramatic. If the sky is clear just before the sun rises or after it sets, a cobalt blue color provides a wonderful backdrop. Shooting into this light means it’s time to turn your thoughts to silhouettes. If you try to reveal detail in a subject, you’ll lose the intensity, drama and color in the sky. So, expose for the sky and let your subject go black. The drama it produces can be very rewarding. Here’s how to seek out silhouettes in nature photography.  Choosing Subject Matter When seeking out silhouettes in nature photography, look for a subject that has a distinct shape and form. It will be reduced to black, so it’s essential the outline is easily identifiable and has character. For instance, a large boulder will turn out as a huge black blob and have no interest. On the other hand, a bare winter-skylined cottonwood with intrigui...

Nature, Published online: 30 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01492-7 The decline might be another sign of politics affecting cross-country scientific collaborations.

Photo By Marti Phillips Today’s Photo Of The Day is “Teton Storm” by Marti Phillips. Location: Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming. “A view of the Tetons breaking through after an early-morning storm,” describes Phillips. Want to get your images in the running for a Photo of the Day feature? Photo of the Day is chosen from various galleries, including Assignments ,  Galleries  and  Contests . Assignments have weekly winners that are featured on the website homepage, Facebook , Twitter  and Instagram . To get your photos in the running, all you have to do is submit them. The post Photo Of The Day By Marti Phillips appeared first on Outdoor Photographer .

Photo By Heather Nicole Today’s Photo Of The Day is “Lounging Leopard” by Heather Nicole. Location: Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. “A lounging leopard enjoys the last rays of sunlight after a warm afternoon nap,” describes Heather Nicole. Want to get your images in the running for a Photo of the Day feature? Photo of the Day is chosen from various galleries, including Assignments ,  Galleries  and  Contests . Assignments have weekly winners that are featured on the website homepage, Facebook , Twitter  and Instagram . To get your photos in the running, all you have to do is submit them. The post Photo Of The Day By Heather Nicole appeared first on Outdoor Photographer .

Nature, Published online: 26 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01483-8 Rivers that change course, sometimes in just a few days, can expose large numbers of people to deadly floods.

Nature, Published online: 27 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01503-7 How research could help reclaim months of lost education for billions of school students around the world

Congratulations to Jody Partin for winning the Spotlit Subjects Assignment with the image, “Center Stage.” View the winning image and a selection of submissions in the gallery below. And be sure to check out our current photography assignment  here  and enter your best shots! [ See image gallery at www.outdoorphotographer.com ] The post Spotlit Subjects Assignment Winner Jody Partin appeared first on Outdoor Photographer .

Nature, Published online: 26 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01485-6 An unconventional motor design allows a body scanner to guide a robotic device through precise manoeuvres.

Photo By Linn Smith Today’s Photo Of The Day is “A Searching Examination” by Linn Smith. Location: Oviedo, Florida. “Intent on what is happening upward, a cattle egret gives the occurrence careful scrutiny,” says Smith. Want to get your images in the running for a Photo of the Day feature? Photo of the Day is chosen from various galleries, including Assignments ,  Galleries  and  Contests . Assignments have weekly winners that are featured on the website homepage, Facebook , Twitter  and Instagram . To get your photos in the running, all you have to do is submit them. The post Photo Of The Day By Linn Smith appeared first on Outdoor Photographer .

Nature, Published online: 27 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01399-3 Something to look back on.

Photo By Christopher Baker Today’s Photo Of The Day is “Pelican Parade” by Christopher Baker. Location: Decatur, Alabama. “A group of pelicans enjoying the sunset from the Flint Creek in Decatur, Alabama,” describes Baker.” Want to get your images in the running for a Photo of the Day feature? Photo of the Day is chosen from various galleries, including Assignments ,  Galleries  and  Contests . Assignments have weekly winners that are featured on the website homepage, Facebook , Twitter  and Instagram . To get your photos in the running, all you have to do is submit them. The post Photo Of The Day By Christopher Baker appeared first on Outdoor Photographer .

Nature, Published online: 26 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01490-9 Hundreds of new archaeological sites have been discovered beneath the trees.

Nature, Published online: 26 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01151-x Getting girls and young women interested in science careers should be given higher priority across Africa. Initiatives such as STEM Belle and STEM4HER are rising to the challenge.

Nature, Published online: 26 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01401-y Robots have become increasingly adept at interacting with the world around them. But to fulfil their potential, they also need a sense of touch.

Nature, Published online: 26 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01338-2 Mass infections in wild birds pose a significant risk to vulnerable species, are hard to contain and increase the opportunity for the virus to spillover into people.

Nature, Published online: 26 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01467-8 Mining metals has a rising environmental cost. But high losses and low recycling rates mean that many last only a short time.

Nature, Published online: 25 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01429-0 Evidence from around the world can help children to catch up, and could improve education as a whole.

Nature, Published online: 25 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01387-7 The pandemic is the largest disruption to education in history. But research has identified ways to help children make up lost ground. Will they work in classrooms around the world?

Nature, Published online: 25 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01388-6 The particle-smashing machine has fired up again — sparking fresh hope it can find unusual results.

Nature, Published online: 25 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01430-7 To stop catastrophic losses of animal and plant species, countries need to move ahead with talks and give generously — despite the COVID-19 pandemic.

Nature, Published online: 25 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01386-8 The latest science news, in brief.

Nature, Published online: 24 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01451-2 A bacterial colony’s diet underlies its iridescence.

Nature, Published online: 24 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01446-z More than 95% of the 101,000 children who died in 2019 of respiratory syncytial virus lived in less wealthy countries.

Nature, Published online: 24 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01377-9 Amazon Indigenous peoples: lawsuit threatens lands

Nature, Published online: 24 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01415-6 Sustainable seas: overdue SDG target could be met this year

Nature, Published online: 24 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01378-8 Africa needs more bioinformaticians for population studies

Nature, Published online: 24 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01416-5 Sustainability for Chile’s mountains — a united approach

Nature, Published online: 24 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01389-5 A biography charts the rise of the father of modern neuroscience.

Nature, Published online: 24 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01391-x The patent system assumes that inventors are human. Inventions devised by machines require their own intellectual property law and an international treaty.

Nature, Published online: 23 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01449-w The wandering salamander glides to the ground from on high by splaying its limbs and pumping its tail.

Nature, Published online: 23 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01444-1 Global warming will make record-breaking temperatures in India and Pakistan much more frequent, report finds.

Nature, Published online: 23 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01385-9 There’s no perfect solution to suppress the pandemic, but careful study and communication are key.

Nature, Published online: 20 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01455-y The emergence of monkeypox in places where it doesn’t usually appear raises some concerns. Plus, what the delay to a global biodiversity meeting means for life on Earth, and who owns the likeness of Albert Einstein.

Nature, Published online: 23 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01392-w As inflation rates soar, new data on the finances of US graduate students spark calls for action.

Nature, Published online: 23 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01390-y From explosions to meltdowns, history provides key context in the search for alternative energy sources amid decarbonization.

A favorite angle from which I love to make photographs is above my subject looking down. A favorite angle from which I love to make photographs is from down low looking up or across. Wait…these concepts contradict each other! How can both be favorites if they’re opposites? What it boils down to is based on one of my favorite ways to answer any photo question I’m asked: It depends . Is soft light better than harsh light? It depends. Is a wide-open aperture better than a closed-down one? It depends. Should I use a wide or telephoto to make that image? It depends. With regards to the elevated point from where I make a photo, the higher up I can get, the more unique the view as most images tend to be made while the photographer stands. Reflect upon many of the images you’ve made in the past. How were you positioned when you pressed the shutter? I’d wager a lot of money that the majority were made while you stood in front of your tripod. This being the case, if you could do something to a...

Today’s Photo Of The Day is “The Calm Before The Storm” by Christopher Mills. Location: Littleton, Maine. “A huge shelf cloud forms above the backroads of Littleton, Maine,” describes Mills. “As it went over, it was so still and quiet before we got hit with heavy rain and wind. It was really eerie.” Want to get your images in the running for a Photo of the Day feature? Photo of the Day is chosen from various galleries, including Assignments ,  Galleries  and  Contests . Assignments have weekly winners that are featured on the website homepage, Facebook , Twitter  and Instagram . To get your photos in the running, all you have to do is submit them. The post Photo Of The Day By Christopher Mills appeared first on Outdoor Photographer .

Photo By Clayton Peoples Today’s Photo Of The Day is “Stormy Sawtooths” by Clayton Peoples. Location: Sawtooth Wilderness, Idaho. “We took a summer road trip that took us through Grand Teton, Yellowstone, Glacier, and the Sawtooth Mountains,” says Peoples. “In this particular image, storm clouds are billowing above the Sawtooth Range, reflected in a pond.” Want to get your images in the running for a Photo of the Day feature? Photo of the Day is chosen from various galleries, including Assignments ,  Galleries  and  Contests . Assignments have weekly winners that are featured on the website homepage, Facebook , Twitter  and Instagram . To get your photos in the running, all you have to do is submit them. The post Photo Of The Day By Clayton Peoples appeared first on Outdoor Photographer .

Nature, Published online: 20 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01384-w Scientists hope an ambitious agreement to arrest species extinction will be finalized in China later this year, but the country’s pandemic response puts that in doubt.

Nature, Published online: 19 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01410-x Researchers say a cosmic collision could have created two galaxies that don’t contain the mysterious substance — but others cast doubt on the claim.

Nature, Published online: 19 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01418-3 The genetically modified organs seemed to function for more than two days but some researchers are sceptical that the experiments had value.

Nature, Published online: 19 May 2022; doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04735-9 The human immune system naturally edits cancers of high-quality neoantigens.

Nature, Published online: 19 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01363-1 With cases of sexually transmitted infections growing, researchers hope self-tests — made popular by the pandemic — could stem the tide.

Nature, Published online: 19 May 2022; doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04743-9 Strategically perceiving and conceiving problems facilitates the effective use of limited cognitive resources.

Nature, Published online: 19 May 2022; doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04724-y The mouse neocortex supports sensory performance through transient increases in sensory coding redundancy, neural codes that are robust to cellular variability, and inter-area fluctuation modes that transmit sensory data and task responses in non-interfering channels.

Nature, Published online: 19 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01212-1 It has been unclear how the brain creates stable visual experiences from the highly variable activity of individual neurons. Imaging from thousands of neurons across the entire mouse visual cortex provides an explanation.

Photo By Tom Elenbaas Today’s Photo Of The Day is “Disappearing Moon” by Tom Elenbaas. Location: Death Valley National Park, California. “My brother and I made a trip to Death Valley in May to photograph the total lunar eclipse,” says Elenbaas. “Our original plan was to capture the entire arc of the moon from rise to set, but Mother Nature had other plans. A heavy cloud cover developed right after sunset, but we remained optimistic. The weather apps we were using predicted there would be a break in the clouds around 1 a.m., shortly before the start of the eclipse, and that’s exactly what happened. Although there were still heavy clouds all around, a window opened up right where the moon was traversing the night sky.” Want to get your images in the running for a Photo of the Day feature? Photo of the Day is chosen from various galleries, including Assignments ,  Galleries  and  Contests . Assignments have weekly winners that are featured on the website homepage, Faceb...

Nature, Published online: 19 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01355-1 Proteins that make up silk fibres can be formed into a material with a structure similar to that of the lustrous lining of oyster shells.

Nature, Published online: 19 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01376-w Petar Puškarić made a beer from marine yeasts during his master’s degree in ecology.

Nature, Published online: 18 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01373-z Nature highlights three key graphics from the week in science and research.

Nature, Published online: 18 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01218-9 Authors will be prompted to provide details on how sex and gender were considered in study design.

Nature, Published online: 18 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01343-5 A soundtrack to our lives.

Nature, Published online: 18 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01150-y The continent followed Western nations too closely in its early response to the coronavirus emergency, says Nigerian virologist Oyewale Tomori.

Nature, Published online: 18 May 2022; doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04865-0 Limited cross-variant immunity from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron without vaccination

Nature, Published online: 18 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01341-7 Researchers are trying to calculate how many years have been lost to disability and death.

Nature, Published online: 18 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01340-8 The latest science news, in brief.

Nature, Published online: 17 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01383-x A proposal to change how academic performance is measured at an Australian university spurred one department into action.

Nature, Published online: 17 May 2022; doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01332-8 Any single analysis hides an iceberg of uncertainty. Multi-team analysis can reveal it.

Figure 1. The black-and-white print requires vision, technique and, more than anything else, practice. Black-and-white printing is an art unto itself. There’s a lot to consider, both creatively and technically. Without color to lean on, we must put more thought into how we render our image’s textures, patterns and contrast. We might need to dodge and burn to direct the viewer’s attention either toward or away from certain parts of our composition. We want to know which paper or other medium will best express our vision. We must calibrate our monitors and consider the use of profiles. Like with any craft, we practice and pay our dues through trial and error as we get familiar with what works and what doesn’t in order to master the black-and-white print. There’s no way around it; you can’t just read an article like this and walk away making perfect prints. I’ll do my best to make things easier, though, as I have a bit of experience printing for myself and for others. For over 15 ye...